Fire brick



Aprazlma A. H. WLLET-r ET Aa.

FIRE BRICK Filed Feb. 1'7, 1922 'I sheeisggneet 1 April 2l, 'i925 41,534,475

A. H. WILLETT ET AL FIRE BRI CH 7 sheetssh'eet Filed Feb. 1'7, 1922 April 21, T925.

A.4H. WILLETT E'r AL -FIRE BRICK 7 SheetslhSheet 3 Filed Feb. 17, 1922 ai?" WW v www April 21, 1925. 13.534.475

A. H. WLLETT ET AL.

FIRE BRICK #filed Fab. 1v, 1922 sheets'fsheet 4 :Afpruzlg 1925.

A.' H. wlLLET'r E11" AL FIRE BRIQK '7 SheetsL-Shet 5 Filed feb. 1v, 1922 April 21, 1925.. 1,534,415

A. WILLETT EIT AL FIRE' BRICK Filed Feb. 17, 1922 7 Sheetsi-Shet 6 lli) Sie

reine..

.HLFRED H. WILETT, OF WEST YORK. .AND HARRY S. MARTIN, F RDGEWGD,

llfl'lllf AI'SSGNORS 30 AMRJRCAN ARCH CGlVIPNY, A. CORFRATI'ON F FIRE BRKCK.

Application led February 17, 1922.- Serial No. 557,152.

lio it known lint we, i i/rinin Ill. lliiimfir und l'lAunr to'. ilvlnrrix, citizens ot' the United States. resneetii'ely residing at llfcst New York, in the county ot HudsonK und Slt-,ite ot New Jersey, and nl; ll-itlgewoou, in the county or Bergen und Stute? of New Jersey, here invented. certniu new und us'elnl liniprovernents in Fire lirielts.y ol? which the' 'tollowing is u speciticntion.

Our invention relates to lire brick, tire nrches and lire wells. end is particularly concerned with hrick for sectional refractory structures of this character such as are used in boiler tire leones ot' the locomotive type. Ajo importent object et our invention is to improve end facilitate the construction oi" arches and bridge wells whollj,7 or partly supported ,troni circulating water legs. le aim to multe the .fireh or wall strong, secure unol durable, and to Ineke the individual brick simple, rugged, and relatively inexpensive to menufncture; also, to adopt yone and. the sance toi-in ot .individual brick to the construction ot 'various types ot structures.

How these and other advantages may be .secured through our invention will appear from our description hereii'isrfter oit the best enihodiinents ol thiinvention known to us.

ln the drawings, Fig. l shows e. Vertical longitudinal rnidsection through o. loconnon tivo fire hoxhzwincA circulating water legs und e lire nreh constructed und arranged in accordance with our invention,--the section being tnhjen :is indicated by the line l-l` in Fig...2,nnd Fig'. 2 is o. corresponding cross sectional View, taken Aindicated hy the line in Fin'. l. l x Fig. 3 is' n. View similar to Fig. l, showing lio-ti n fire arch .find u. lire wnll constructed und arranged in :recordarme with out iiwentiiiin, the seclion lining tnlion ne indicated-hy llicline 3m?) in Fig. lfnnil Figzll is n corresponolineu cross sectional View, teilten: ne indicnted by the line tw/l in Fig. 3.

lig. 5 is o. fragmentary vicw'showing n VVertienl section through u i'ne woll such as shown in liiO". 5l, taken :is indicated by the line'5-5 in that ligure; Fig. 6 shows n corresponfling' herir/.ouml section, tnlfen ns indicated 'by ythe line li-6 in 5; sind lling. 'l shows n eorresponding; verlieul lrnnfre section, tnli'en as indicated hy the line T .in Fig.

l"i 8 :ind 9 are 4 tinginentnry views show ingr transverse sections through u lire nrch such ns shown in Fie'. 3, taken as indicated by the .lines 8-*8 and 9---9 in that lieure.

Figs. l0, ll, lil and l?) nre top, Sine, hottom zinrfl end views ol. n, lire lirici; .such is shown in liigs. 5 to 9; and Fig. 14 is :i corresponding cross section-nl View, teiten :is indicated by the line Il-l4 in Fig'. ll).

Figs. l5, '16 and if' are top, bottomn :nifl side Views of n similar hut longer type ot brick.

Fig. 18 is n side view of u similar hutsornewhut modified tjifpe of brick, very short :is compared with those shown .in Figs. l() to 17; und, Fig/19 is o. corresponding cross sectional View, taken at n plone correspond inn to the line 19-l9 in Fig. 18.

Figs. .20 and 21 are fragmentary vertical and horizontal sectional Views through e tire box, illustrating the arrangement of bricks in u. fire arch.

Figs. 22, 23 und 24. are tiognnentaijy Ver tical sectional Views illustrating other nrrangements of bricks in lire hex arches.

Figs. 25 and E2G nre sectional views siinilnr to Figs. 3 und showing` n ,lire arch and n fire Wall in a locomotive tire box having but a. single water leg.

Figs. 2l' and Q8 nre fragmentary trans Verse und longitudiinil vertical sectional views showingr u lireY arch and n tire wnll in a locomotive tire bor; ol different type, equipped with three water legs,-the secvlion in Fig. heine; linken as indicated by the line 28--28 in Fig. Q7.

Figs. 30 and 3l ere'trn'ginentery vertical longitudinal sectional Views illusti'nl`- in nj constructions desigi'ied to incilitnte uc cese to the boiler fines.

'llio locmnotivo lire lion illusli'nled in Figs. l nniil Q hns twov waiter leus lili connected hotwcen the throat sheet 36 und the crown sheet 3T. Euch water leg 35 is of generally linttrifingular form. The upper side ol.

the trinnfrle is united to the crown Sheet 37' und opens therethrough throughout 'its own entire length, und 'the lower corner is connected to the throat sheet 36 hy a. round. curving'.y neclvlilte prolongation 38., For most ot its length. the lower eide of the triangle hns rounded and enlarged bottom 39 con lll() ies From the throat sheet 3G rearward entendsV an upward sloping sectional rire .'firoh 4&0, constructed oit reiiwictoiv iirobrick 41 supported from the Water legs 35 and the box sides i-. is shown, the bricks are oblong. and on one end or sliort edge each is bevelied or reduced at 13 to facilitato its stable engagement on. the water leg portion 39, :ind also reduced toward its opper side at 44. The opposite end or edge oi: each brick i1 is also shown somewhat reduced or beveiled at 45 for arching engagement with a similar brick. Enc' fore and aft unit of the fire arch 40 is thus made up of two rows of brick il leaning against one another arch fashion. and supported from the water .legs 35 or the side walls 453 of the fire box as abutmenfs. Just adjacent the throat sheet SG, the upper side of each neck 39 carries a spacing brick 4G coniorniabljv recessed at its own lower sido.

The bric-k fil and the preferred inode of supporting them as shown in Fig. 1 will be described more fully hereinafter.

ln 3 and 4, the connecting neck 4S is uncurved, and sonuiwhet longer than the neck 88 of Figs. 1 and 2, and the lire arch extends rearward but just beyond the forward edge of the leg From the rear end of the arch 50. a lire Wall 51 of brick 41 extends vertically upward some distance. l'etween the bottoni of the wall 51 and 'the rear end of the arch 50 is an irregular' space ot a 'few' inches, and above the loweruiost course in the Wall 51 is likewise a. clearance of an inch or so: These serio as draft openings for producing more thorough ii'xterniixture and combustion of the gases.

Yihile the brick 41' of the hre arches and fire wall illustrated Figs. 1 to may in practice have the exact forms there shown, we generally prefer to make them ot' the forms shown in Figs. 5 to 19, and to support or mount them as illustrated inr Figs. 5 to 9. [is here shown, the arc-hing face /i ot' the brick has a. groove-like or socket 5G and a. corresponding tongue or ridge-like projection 57, each adapted to interongage or interlock with corresponding nieans on a similar brick. so as to prevent sdewise displacement of opposed brick with reference to one another. The socket 56 and the tongue 57 of each brick are virtual counterparts, and are located side by side, symmetrical. With respect to a, central longitudinal 'plane of the. brick. The tongue end is vertiv cally curved or rounded to a. considerable 'radius to enable the tongue 57 to engage or 5 t', C1 P:

lie in the crease or hollow of a Water leg above the enlargement 89, and the bottom of the recess is similarly curved. (See, for

exemple, Fig.

The sides oi the recess 56 and of the tongue 57' siepe toward one another sonic what. In the reduced upper portion bij of the alfmtting end of the brick is e broad, shallow up and, down groove 58 that ailords a clearance between the resultant abutting ridges at the corners ot the brick, and thus assures definite bearing at these corners.

' he reduced lower abutting portion the brick is rece-sed at 60 to afford a seat or socket for interlocking or engagement means on the/.water 7all abutment structure (i. e., on the neck or es, the enlargement 39, the fire box sides 4B, or the sides of the water leg 35). As sho-Wn, the engagement means in question has the form otono or more lug-like pins or sinds 61, which may be sonic $4 m diameter and of the same or somewhat greater length. and may be welded to tbc abutincui structure whereicr required. (ln Fig. l, of course, the. studs (il are not to be confused With the heads of' thc stay bolts 62 that stay the flat sides of the Water 35 together.) The recesses G0 have the form or' right angled V grooves whose upper load-carrying sides slope upward a little with reference to the plane of ihe brick. As shown, there are enlarged sleeves 63 fitted on the studs G1. Vhere curity requires it, there may be two studs 61 arranged to engage in the opposite ends of each recess 60. Preferably, the lower tace of the brick are hollowed out or recessed in frustro-pyraniidal, fashion, as shown at G4, for the sake of' economy of material and to provide more thorough compression and homogeneity of the bricks as manufactured, as well as for slag-retaining purposes. AS illustrated, the portions or" the brick enclos ing recess Gi have grooves G5 and 66 at either ond oi: the recess. itself. these grooves 65 and 66 form a erooked transverse passage or channel across the bottom sido of the brick intermediate its arching and abutting edges, reduced in depth at either end. ln the Wall 51 of Figs. 3 and 4, these passages serve as draft openings in supplementation of those already mentioned.

In the medium-long brick shown in Figs. 5 i014, there is one crooked transyerse passage such as just described, While in the longer brick illustrated in Figs. 15 to 17, there are two such passages. In the rolatively short brick of Figs. 1S and 19, the transverse passagel or channel G7 is not crooked, but is reduced' in depth by aI strengthening ridge G8 of' the brick material across its middle.

Figs. 20 and 21 supplement the preceding illustration es regards the arrangement of brick in the arch 40 and 50 of Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4. 'Fim :22 shows a. construction in Which th'e rows of rather short opposed bricks forming cach arch unit in Figs. 2() and 21 are replaced by a single row or' long bricks, Here the bricks in the arch units NVith the recess 64 I Til to right and left rest on studs 6l. at one end and lean against the tire box sides 42 at the other end; while the bricks in the middle archimit simply rest in the angles above the Water leg enlargements 39 at both ends. Fig. i?) shows construction like that of Fig. 29. as regards the right andy lett hand. arch units, but different as regards the middie arch unit. In this middle snit, alterl* there. is but a single water lesp nate bricks rest on studs G1 on'the right hand Water leg 39, and lean against the left handwater leg, and the others rest on studs 6l on the left hand Water leg and lean against the 'right hand Water leg. v i

'ln Fig'. 2st, there are three Water lens.

'.lhe (wo middle arch units mayv be like the middle one of' Fig. 23; the outside arch liiiiis are ot' greater span, and are cinistrlicted iiiie the outside units ol lilies. i() and 31.

lf`ie's. Q5 and Q6 show a [irc box in which liere the rig-ht and lett hand arch units are ot thc construction ilhiistrated at right and left in Figs. am The right and lett hand tire `wall units, on the other hand, are of the cinisiriiction illustrated in Figs. 3 and fl. ln Fig". Q6, it may be observed how the studs lil are arranged to give a clearance ot about an inch above the loire: most pair oi bricks in each Wall unit. rThe.protective brick 46, on the neel; 38, ,ejires a clearance of several inches 'between the forward end oi? the fire arch 50 and the throat sheet 36, just as in Figs. l to -'l-. ln addition, .there is also a clearance. between the arch 5() and thc wall 5l. as in Figs. il and l.

Figs. 27 and 29 show ay boiler of somewhat iliilerent type from that ol" the preceding,l figures. equipped with three water legs 3b. llore the tire arch 5() and thc Water Wall 5l are of substantially the construction ilh1strated in Figs. 3 and @lf-exceptthat the arch proper lies directly against the throat, Without intervention of any speial neckin'oteciing brick, and that in the middle spans there are single brick leaning toward the intermediate neck S8 as in the right and left spans of Fig. 22.

Figs. 29. 30 and $1 show constructions in which the arch 50 resembles that of Fig. E22. The lire Wall, however, is not vertical, but is sloped rearward more or less, so as to facilitate access to the lhicsheet 71 upon ocbut the Wall and the arch are separated by very little or no clearance. In 29, the wall i'O is virtually of arch construction, each brick in the wall being` sloped just as in the arch 50, but oilset Upward. Here there are two supporting studs G1 for each brick, set at an angle corresponding to the slope. In Fig". 30. the lire wall is virtually ot' wall construction, with eac-h ol its successive rows olset rearward about hall. the brick Width with reference to the row beneath. As shown, the lowerniost brick resi: on la'n'izontal pairs of pins (il, and half ot each brick above rests on that beneath. in 'Figi'. 3l, the oilsetting of Fig. SO is carried so tar that the forward edge of the brick in each row coincides with the rear edge of the brick in the row beneath. llore nach brick rests on a horizontal pair ot pins (il.

In the figures ,illustrating various constructions, we have applied the saine reierence characters to parts that are .substantially alike, as a means of dispensing with merely repetitive description.

lVe claim:

l. A. brick for sectional .lire arches or fire walls having an edge for arching engagement prmided with tongue and. groove means for interlocking with correspondiusf means on a similar brick, having its opposite edge recessed for interlocking engagement With lug means on an abutment struc-- ture, and. having a crooked transverse pasu sage therein.

A brich for sectional lire arches and tire Valls luivinf.;- an edge for archingz;1 en sagement with a similar brick, an edge for interlockingl engagement With an abutment, and a crooked lateral passage therein inter'- inediate said edges.

A. brick iti'xrsecticnal tire arches and Vlire walls haring an edge for aniliingf en- 1exigeaient With a similar brick, an edge for interlocking` engagenient with an abutment, and a crooked lateral passage therein intermediate said edgeswith ylocal reduction in depth.

In testimony whereof, We have hereunto signed oar naines.

atraen ii. Witia'rr einer s. Miners. 

